Helena Voss-Krieger, PhD

Helena holds a doctorate in applied probability with a dissertation on Markov-chain models of slot-machine behavior. She has worked in regulatory-compliance consulting for gaming supervisory authorities across the European jurisdictions for the better part of two decades, with the published work distributed across regulatory-technical journals and the small but substantive working-paper literature on casino-game mathematics. The writing here is research-oriented rather than operator-facing or player-facing. The aim is to document the probability mathematics that underlies regulated casino-gaming products and the regulatory frameworks that govern how those products are tested, certified, and supervised. No operator brands are evaluated. No play recommendations are made. Citations follow the academic convention rather than the trade-press convention.

6 articles